The cultural aspect of sports is undeniable, but the biological aspect is considerably responsible for performance in any sport, i.e. factors like body size, proportions, physique, and nutrition. Many of the required traits are acquired through heredity, but they are also influenced by the environment to a large extent. Psychological factors like motivation, training, etc. play a role in moulding sportive behaviour.
Hence, cultural, biological, environmental and psychological aspects must be understood to understand sports and performance. Thus, laying the foundation for the anthropological role in this field.
Kinanthropometry is a specialized branch of physical anthropology that evaluates an individual's physical structure. It focuses on selecting the fit genotypes which is suitable for a particular sport, to attain its full potential, because -
training and other external influences can change a person's morphological status only within narrow limits set by genotype. It is impossible to alter the capacity of the genotype.
hence, Kinanthropometry enabled anthropologists to classify humans into different somatotypes and suggest the right sport for them.
Physical anthropometry also plays a constructive role in designing sports equipment using anthropometric techniques.
Reference: IGNOU Study Materials
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