What is Culture?

In the scientific sense, "culture" does not mean unusual refinement or education, but the whole of social tradition. It includes, as the great anthropologist Tylor put it "capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society." Culture comprises all the capabilities and habits in contrast to those numerous traits acquired otherwise, namely by biological heredity.

In anthropological perspective, every society has a culture - it is universal. Likewise, every human being is cultured and culture is an attribute of the genus homo. 

Culture is design for living. It is the basis of human life. It rests on biology but is not biological. It is human biology, such as developed brain, nimble hands, and freely moving tongue which helped humans to acquire a design for living. 

The white Pigeon was not welcome, it seemed

Do Pigeons notice a difference in colour? How significant is colour difference to animals other than humans? How is it different from Humans?

Noticed from the kitchen window where we keep rice for the Pigeons every day. They await on the lintel of a window, in the apartment opposite to ours; for us to move to a certain distance from our window sill, to feed on the rice in peace. The moment we get closer to the boundary of their range of 'safe' distance, the anxiety in their eyes becomes clear, and their wings are ready for flight. When they can 'see' that we keep the food, why are they so fearful? Sometimes it's just frustrating. Especially when I have to wait for them to finish, to use the sink. Very much unlike our neighbourhood cat, Metoo. His faith in us sometimes makes me cry. Inter-species trust? He is a hulo* by the way and is popular as 'Gopal' in the neighbourhood. He has much to say to anyone he meets and contacts him in the eyes. More about him some other day maybe. 

hulo - 'Male cat' in Bengali.